ABAP Keyword Documentation → ABAP - Reference → Processing Internal Data → Internal Tables → Processing Statements for Internal Tables → Interval Join of Internal Tables
PROVIDE
Other versions: 7.31 | 7.40 | 7.54
Syntax
PROVIDE FIELDS {|{comp1 comp2 ...}}
FROM itab1 INTO wa1 VALID flag1
BOUNDS intliml1 AND intlimu1
[WHERE log_exp1]
FIELDS {|{comp1 comp2 ...}}
FROM itab2 INTO wa2 VALID flag2
BOUNDS intliml2 AND intlimu2
[WHERE log_exp2]
...
BETWEEN extliml AND extlimu
[INCLUDING GAPS].
...
ENDPROVIDE.
Extras
1. ... WHERE log_exp
2. ... INCLUDING GAPS
Effect
Table iteration. The
statements PROVIDE and ENDPROVIDE define a loop
around a statement block. Any number of internal tables itab1 itab2 ... are
edited together in this loop. A single table can appear more than once. A FIELDS
addition must be specified for each table itab. After FIELDS,
either the character * must be specified for all components or a list
comp1 comp2 ... must be specified for certain components of the table in question. The names of the components comp1 comp2 ... can only be specified directly.
To be able to process internal tables using PROVIDE, all tables itab1 itab2 ... must be fully typed index tables and contain two special columns that have the same data type
(d, i, n, or
t) for all relevant tables. For every table, the names intliml1 intliml2
... and intlimu1 intlimu2 ... of these columns must be specified using the addition BOUNDS.
The columns intliml1 intliml2 ... and intlimu1 intlimu2
... in every row of the relevant internal tables must contain values that can be interpreted
as limits of closed intervals. Within a table, the intervals specified in these columns must not overlap and must be sorted in ascending order by the
primary table index. The intervals therefore make up a unique key for every row.
For every table, a work area wa1 wa2 ... compatible with the row type and
a variable flag1 flag2 ... (which expects a character-like data type with
length 1) must be specified. In the PROVIDE loop, the components specified
after FIELDS are filled with values in the relevant work areas wa1
wa2 ... for every specified internal table. The variables flag1 flag2 ...
are also filled. A work area wa1 wa2 ... or a variable flag1 flag2 ... cannot be specified more than once.
The BETWEEN addition must be used to specify an interval extliml,
extlimu. It must be possible to convert the data objects extliml
and extlimu into the data types of the respective columns intliml1 intliml2 ... and intlimu1 intlimu2 ... of the individual tables.
The interval limits intliml1 intliml2 ... and intlimu1
intlim2 for every row of all relevant internal tables itab1 itab2 ...
that are within the closed interval made up by extliml and extlimu
divide the latter into new intervals and every interval limit closes one interval in the original direction.
If, within a relevant table, a lower interval limit follows an upper interval limit with no space or
gap between them and the components of the corresponding rows specified after FIELDS
have the same content, the two intervals are combined and the corresponding interval limits intliml1
intliml2 ... and intlimu1 intlimu2 ... are ignored for the new intervals.
For every interval that is created in such a way and overlaps with at least one of the intervals of
a table involved, the PROVIDE loop is passed once. The components of every
work area wa1 wa2 ... specified after FIELDS and the variables flag1 flag2 ... are filled with values as follows:
-
The components
intliml1 intliml2 ...and intlimu1 intlimu2 ... of every work areawa1 wa2 ...are filled with the interval limits of the current interval. -
If the current interval overlaps with one of the intervals of an involved table, the remaining components
of the corresponding work area are assigned the contents of the relevant components of this table row
and the variable
flag1 flag2 ...is set to the value "X". Otherwise, the work area components and the variablesflag1 flag2 ...are set to their Initial value. For performance reasons, the components of the work areas are provided with values again only if the corresponding content of the table rows has been modified since the preceding loop.
Except for intliml1 intliml2 ... and intlimu1 intlimu2
..., the components not specified after FIELDS are always set to their
initial value. The components intliml1 intliml2 ... and intlimu1 intlimu2 ... are always assigned.
The ABAP runtime environment
checks for every table involved, whether the condition of sorted and non-overlapping intervals is met
within the interval made up by extliml and extlimu and, if necessary, raises an exception that can be handled.
Notes
-
The relevant internal tables should not be modified in the
PROVIDEloop. -
Only reads should be performed on the work areas
wa1 wa2 ...as well, since they are not necessarily filled again at the start of each loop. -
The
WHEREcondition can be used to remove overlaps between the tables involved, or to ensure the sorting of the intervals. -
Any secondary table
keys of the internal tables involved are not supported in the
PROVIDEstatement. The primary table index is always (implicitly) used for processing. -
Besides this variant of the
PROVIDEstatement, anobsolete short form can also be used outside of classes.
Addition 1
... WHERE log_exp
Effect
The addition WHERE can be used to specify a condition for every table itab1 itab2 ... involved. After WHERE, any
logical expression
log_exp1, log_exp2 ... can be specified. Here, a
component of the internal table must be specified as the first operand of each
relational expression
(and this component must be the only operand and not part of an expression). Only components that are also listed after FIELDS can be specified. Any
comparison expression and the
predicate expression
IS INITIAL can be specified as relational expressions. Other
predicates cannot be specified. The other operands of a comparison can be any
suitable individual operands or arithmetic expressions
but not components of the internal table. The table entries for which the condition is not met are ignored
by the PROVIDE loop. The PROVIDE loop can be exited using the instructions in the section Exiting Loops.
Addition 2
... INCLUDING GAPS
Effect
If the INCLUDING GAPS addition is specified, the system passes the
PROVIDE loop for every interval, which is also the case when the current interval does not overlap
with at least one of the intervals of an involved table. In the latter case, the variable flag is of initial value for every relevant table.
System Fields
Example
In two tables, itab1 and itab2, the respective
columns col1 and col2 are interval limits of type
i. The filling of the internal tables produces the following intervals (rows two and three):
|01|02|03|04|05|06|07|08|09|10|11|12|13|14|
-------------------------------------------
| Itab1 Int1 | |Itab1 Int2 | |
-------------------------------------------
| | Itab2 Int1 | |
-------------------------------------------
| | ... BETWEEN ... |
-------------------------------------------
| | i1 | i2 | i3 | i4 |i5| |
-------------------------------------------
The interval specified in the BETWEEN addition of the PROVIDE
statement is shown in the fourth row. It produces the five intervals in the fifth row represented by i1 to i5. These can be processed in the PROVIDE loop.
Because each of the five intervals overlaps with one of the intervals from rows two and three, the PROVIDE loop is passed five times.
Only the component col3 of wa1 is filled in the
first pass, only the component col3 of wa2 in
the third pass, and the components col3 of both work areas in the second
and fourth passes. The fields valid1 and valid2 are set accordingly.
DATA: BEGIN OF wa1,
col1 TYPE i,
col2 TYPE i,
col3 TYPE string,
END OF wa1.
DATA: BEGIN OF wa2,
col1 TYPE i,
col2 TYPE i,
col3 TYPE string,
END OF wa2.
DATA: itab1 LIKE STANDARD TABLE OF wa1,
itab2 LIKE STANDARD TABLE OF wa2.
DATA: flag1(1) TYPE c,
flag2(1) TYPE c.
itab1 = VALUE #( ( col1 = 1 col2 = 6 col3 = 'Itab1 Int1' )
( col1 = 9 col2 = 12 col3 = 'Itab1 Int2' ) ).
itab2 = VALUE #( ( col1 = 4 col2 = 11 col3 = 'Itab2 Int1' ) ).
DATA output TYPE TABLE OF string WITH EMPTY KEY.
PROVIDE FIELDS col3 FROM itab1 INTO wa1
VALID flag1
BOUNDS col1 AND col2
FIELDS col3 FROM itab2 INTO wa2
VALID flag2
BOUNDS col1 AND col2
BETWEEN 2 AND 14.
APPEND | { wa1-col1 WIDTH = 2 } { wa1-col2 WIDTH = 2 } {
wa1-col3 } { flag1 } | TO output.
APPEND | { wa2-col1 WIDTH = 2 } { wa2-col2 WIDTH = 2 } {
wa2-col3 } { flag2 } | TO output.
APPEND INITIAL LINE TO output.
ENDPROVIDE.
cl_demo_output=>display( output ).
The output is as follows:
2 3
4 6 Itab1 Int1 X
4 6 Itab2 Int1 X
7 8
7 8 Itab2 Int1 X
9 11 Itab1 Int2 X
9 11 Itab2 Int1 X
12 12 Itab1 Int2 X
12 12
Exceptions
Catchable Exceptions
CX_SY_PROVIDE_INTERVAL_OVERLAP
-
Cause: In one of the involved tables there are overlapping intervals within
extlim1andextlim2.
Runtime Error:UNCAUGHT_EXCEPTION
CX_SY_PROVIDE_TABLE_NOT_SORTED
-
Cause: One of the involved tables is not sorted in ascending order by the intervals within
extlim1andextlim2.
Runtime Error:UNCAUGHT_EXCEPTION