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round, rescale - Rounding Functions

Other versions: 7.31 | 7.40 | 7.54

Syntax Forms


... round|rescale( val = arg ...  ) ...

Effect

The rounding functions expect a decimal floating point number as a main argument val and additional arguments that describe how this floating point number is handled. The type of the return value of a rounding function is always decfloat34. Within an arithmetic expression, the argument for the decimal floating point number can either be an arithmetic expression or a function. The other arguments must always be specified as numeric data objects.


Note

The class CL_ABAP_MATH includes the method NORMALIZE for normalizing a decimal floating point object. The mantissa does not have any trailing zeros in a normalized floating point number.

Rounding Function

The rounding function round can be implemented in operand positions using the following syntax:

Syntax


... round( val = arg {dec = n}|{prec = n} [mode = m] ) ...

Effect

This function rounds a decimal floating point number declared as an argument for the parameter val. A data object specified for arg is converted to the data type decfloat34 before the function is executed, if necessary.

  • If the parameter dec is given a value, the value entered is rounded to the number of decimal places specified in n and returned. Data objects of type i is expected for n. The value of these data objects cannot be less than -6144. If a negative value is given, the relevant whole number place is rounded.
  • If the parameter prec is given a value, the value entered is rounded to the precision specified in n and returned. Data objects of type i are expected for n. The value of these data objects must be greater than 0.

A rounding can reduce scaling and precision but cannot increase them. If dec is specified, the mantissa of the return code does not contain any zeros after the position where the rounding applies. If prec is specified, the input value is returned without being changed, if the specified precision is greater than or equal to the input value.

The parameter mode (optional) can be used to set the rounding type. For m it is only possible to specify values that exist as ROUND_... constants in class CL_ABAP_MATH. The following table shows the possible rounding rules. If mode is not given a value, commercial rounding is used.

Constant Rounding Rule
ROUND_HALF_UP The value is rounded up to the next round figure. If the value falls precisely halfway between two rounded values, it is rounded up away from zero (commercial rounding).
ROUND_HALF_DOWN The value is rounded down to the next round figure. If the value falls precisely halfway between two round values, it is rounded down towards zero.
ROUND_HALF_EVEN The value is rounded to the next round figure. If the value falls precisely halfway between two rounded values, it is rounded to the value which has an even number in the last decimal place.
ROUND_UP The value is always rounded away from zero/to the larger absolute value.
ROUND_DOWN The value is always rounded to zero/to the smaller absolute value.
ROUND_CEILING The value is always rounded in a positive direction/to the larger value.
ROUND_FLOOR The value is always rounded in a positive direction/to the larger value.


Example

For a demonstration of the rounding types, see Rounding Function round.

Rescaling Function

The rescaling function rescale can be implemented in operand positions using the following syntax:

Syntax


... rescale( val = arg {dec = n}|{prec = n} [mode = m] ) ...

Effect

This function changes the scaling of a decimal floating point number declared as an argument for the parameter val. A data object specified for arg is converted to the data type decfloat34 before the function is executed, if necessary.

  • If the parameter dec is given a value, the value entered is rounded using the scaling specified in n and returned. Data objects of type i is expected for n. The value of these data objects cannot be less than -6144. The value of these data objects cannot be less than -6144. If the scaling results in more than 34 decimal places in the mantissa of the return value, an exception that can be handled is raised.
  • If the parameter prec is given a value, the value entered is returned with the precision specified in n and appropriate scaling and returned. Data objects of type i are expected for n. The value of these data objects must be greater than 0 and less than 34.

A rescaling can both reduce and increase scaling and precision. An increase adds zeros on the right.

The input value is rounded if required. The optional parameter mod can be used to specify the rounding rule, as described under the function round. The default is commercial rounding.

Examples

The following table shows the results of commercial rounding of the decimal floating point number 1234.56789 (scaling 5, precision 9) with various values for dec.

dec String Representation Internal Representation Scaling Precision
-5 0E+5 0...0000000000E+5 -5 1
-4 0E+4 0...0000000000E+4 -4 1
-3 1E+3 0...0000000001E+3 -3 1
-2 1.2E+3 0...0000000012E+2 -2 2
-1 1.23E+3 0...0000000123E+1 -1 3
0 1235 0...0000001235E+0 0 4
1 1234.6 0...0000012346E-1 1 5
2 1234.57 0...0000123457E-2 2 6
3 1234.568 0...0001234568E-3 3 7
4 1234.5679 0...0012345679E-4 4 8
5 1234.56789 0...0123456789E-5 5 9
6 1234.56789 0...0123456789E-5 5 9

The following table shows the results of commercial rounding of the decimal floating point number 1234.56789 (scaling 5, precision 9) with various values for prec.

prec String Representation Internal Representation Scaling Precision
1 1E+3 0...0000000001E+3 -3 1
2 1.2E+3 0...0000000012E+2 -2 2
3 1.23E+3 0...0000000123E+1 -1 3
4 1235 0...0000001235E+0 0 4
5 1234.6 0...0000012346E-1 1 5
6 1234.57 0...0000123457E-2 2 6
7 1234.568 0...0001234568E-3 3 7
8 1234.5679 0...0012345679E-4 4 8
9 1234.56789 0...0123456789E-5 5 9
10 1234.56789 0...0123456789E-5 5 9

The following table shows the results of rescaling of the decimal floating point number 1234.56789 (scaling 5, precision 9) with various values for dec, if commercial rounding is used.

dec String Representation Internal Representation Scaling Precision
-5 0E+5 0...0000000000000E+5 -5 1
-4 0E+4 0...0000000000000E+4 -4 1
-3 1E+3 0...0000000000001E+3 -3 1
-2 1.2E+3 0...0000000000012E+2 -2 2
-1 1.23E+3 0...0000000000123E+1 -1 3
0 1235 0...0000000001235E+0 0 4
1 1234.6 0...0000000012346E-1 1 5
2 1234.57 0...0000000123457E-2 2 6
3 1234.568 0...0000001234568E-3 3 7
4 1234.5679 0...0000012345679E-4 4 8
5 1234.56789 0...0000123456789E-5 5 9
6 1234.567890 0...0001234567890E-6 6 10
7 1234.5678900 0...0012345678900E-7 7 11
8 1234.56789000 0...0123456789000E-8 8 12

The following table shows the results of rescaling of the decimal floating point number 1234.56789 (scaling 5, precision 9) with various values for prec, if commercial rounding is used.

prec String Representation Internal Representation Scaling Precision
1 1E+3 0...0000000000001E+3 -3 1
2 1.2E+3 0...0000000000012E+2 -2 2
3 1.23E+3 0...0000000000123E+1 -1 3
4 1235 0...00000000001235+0 0 4
5 1234.6 0...0000000012346E-1 1 5
6 1234.57 0...0000000123457E-2 2 6
7 1234.568 0...0000001234568E-3 3 7
8 1234.5679 0...0000012345679E-4 4 8
9 1234.56789 0...0000123456789E-5 5 9
10 1234.567890 0...0001234567890E-6 6 10
11 1234.5678900 0...0012345678900E-7 7 11
12 1234.56789000 0...0123456789000E-8 8 12