ABAP Keyword Documentation → ABAP − Reference → ABAP Syntax → ABAP Statements
ABAP Words
ABAP words are the vocabulary of the ABAP language. ABAP statements are composed of ABAP words, operands, and operators in accordance with defined syntax rules. ABAP words are taken from the English language and are grouped into
ABAP language elements and
ABAP language element additions that express the semantics of a statement. In addition to letters, ABAP words can also contain hyphens
(-) to form multi-word expressions. As well as ABAP words, some operators are also made up of letters.
If a statement is introduced using an ABAP word, the word is an
ABAP keyword. The remaining
ABAP words are additions of a keyword. A single ABAP word can be used both as a keyword and as a non-keyword.
For example, DATA is used as a keyword as well as an addition of other keywords.
Not all statements are introduced using a keyword or contain ABAP words. Assignments with the assignment operator = or
method calls, for example, do not contain a keyword and do have to contain any other ABAP word.
ABAP words are not reserved names as in some programming languages. Although the use of an ABAP word for naming conventions is not forbidden, it should be avoided if possible. Even if this rule is followed, the introduction of new elements can cause similar situations and therefore suitable naming conventions should be observed for reserved names to avoid conflicts with language elements.
The following table contains all ABAP words in the current ABAP language version, the names of built-in data types, and the names (consisting of letters) of operators. Names in ABAP programs are not case-sensitive.
| ABAP_SYSTEM_TIMEZONE | ABAP_USER_TIMEZONE | ABAP-SOURCE | ABBREVIATED | ABBREVIATION |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ABS | ABSTRACT | ACCEPT | ACCEPTING | ACCESS |
| ACCORDING | ACTION | ACTIVATION | ACTUAL | ADABAS |
| ADD | ADD-CORRESPONDING | ADJACENT | ADJUST_NUMBERS | ALIAS |
| ALIASES | ALIGN | ALL | ALLOCATE | ALLOWED |
| ALPHA | AMDP | ANALYSIS | ANALYZER | AND |
| ANY | APPEND | APPENDAGE | APPENDING | APPLICATION |
| ARCHIVE | AREA | ARITHMETIC | AS | AS400 |
| ASCENDING | ASSERT | ASSIGN | ASSIGNED | ASSIGNING |
| ASSOCIATION | ASSOCIATIONS | ASYNCHRONOUS | AT | ATTRIBUTES |
| AUTHORITY | AUTHORITY-CHECK | AVG | AVG, | BACK |
| BACKGROUND | BACKUP | BACKWARD | BADI | BALANCE |
| BASE | BEFORE | BEGIN | BEHAVIOR | BETWEEN |
| BIG | BINARY | BINTOHEX | BIT | BIT-AND |
| BIT-NOT | BIT-OR | BIT-XOR | BLACK | BLANK |
| BLANKS | BLOB | BLOCK | BLOCKS | BLUE |
| BOUND | BOUNDARIES | BOUNDS | BOXED | BREAK-POINT |
| BREAKUP | BT | BUFFER | BY | BYPASSING |
| BYTE | BYTE-CA | BYTE-CN | BYTE-CO | BYTE-CS |
| BYTE-NA | BYTE-NS | BYTE-ORDER | CA | CALL |
| CALLING | CASE | CAST | CASTING | CATCH |
| CDS | CEIL | CENTER | CENTERED | CHANGE |
| CHANGING | CHANNELS | CHAR | CHAR-TO-HEX | CHARACTER |
| CHECK | CHECK_BEFORE_SAVE | CHECKBOX | CHILD | CI_ |
| CIRCULAR | CL_DBI_UTILITIES | CLASS | CLASS-CODING | CLASS-DATA |
| CLASS-EVENTS | CLASS-METHODS | CLASS-POOL | CLEANUP | CLEAR |
| CLIENT | CLIENTS | CLNT | CLOB | CLOCK |
| CLOSE | CN | CO | COALESCE | CODE |
| CODING | COL_BACKGROUND | COL_GROUP | COL_HEADING | COL_KEY |
| COL_NEGATIVE | COL_NORMAL | COL_POSITIVE | COL_TOTAL | COLLECT |
| COLOR | COLUMN | COLUMNS | COMMENT | COMMENTS |
| COMMIT | COMMON | COMMUNICATION | COMPARING | COMPONENT |
| COMPONENTS | COMPRESSION | COMPUTE | CONCAT | CONCAT_WITH_SPACE |
| CONCATENATE | COND | CONDENSE | CONDITION | CONNECT |
| CONNECTION | CONSTANTS | CONTEXT | CONTEXTS | CONTINUE |
| CONTROL | CONTROLS | CONV | CONVERSION | CONVERT |
| COPIES | COPY | CORRESPONDING | COUNT | COUNTRY |
| COVER | CP | CPI | CREATE | CREATING |
| CRITICAL | CROSS | CS | CUKY | CURR |
| CURRENCY | CURRENCY_CONVERSION | CURRENT | CURSOR | CUSTOMER-FUNCTION |
| CYCLES | D16N | D34N | DANGEROUS | DATA |
| DATABASE | DATAINFO | DATASET | DATE | DATN |
| DATS | DATS_ADD_DAYS | DATS_ADD_MONTHS | DATS_DAYS_BETWEEN | DATS_IS_VALID |
| DATS_TIMS_TO_TSTMP | DAYLIGHT | DB2 | DB6 | DD/MM/YY |
| DD/MM/YYYY | DDL | DDMMYY | DEALLOCATE | DEC |
| DECIMAL_SHIFT | DECIMALS | DECLARATIONS | DEEP | DEFAULT |
| DEFERRED | DEFINE | DEFINING | DEFINITION | DELETE |
| DELETING | DEMAND | DENSE_RANK | DEPARTMENT | DEPENDENT |
| DEPTH | DESCENDING | DESCRIBE | DESTINATION | DETAIL |
| DETERMINISTIC | DIALOG | DIRECTORY | DISCARDING | DISCONNECT |
| DISPLAY | DISPLAY-MODE | DISTANCE | DISTINCT | DIV |
| DIVIDE | DIVIDE-CORRESPONDING | DIVISION | DO | DUMMY |
| DUPLICATE | DUPLICATES | DURATION | DURING | DYNAMIC |
| DYNPRO | EDIT | EDITOR-CALL | ELSE | ELSEIF |
| EMPTY | ENABLED | ENABLING | ENCODING | END |
| END-ENHANCEMENT-SECTION | END-LINES | END-OF-DEFINITION | END-OF-EDITING | END-OF-FILE |
| END-OF-PAGE | END-OF-SELECTION | END-TEST-INJECTION | END-TEST-SEAM | ENDAT |
| ENDCASE | ENDCATCH | ENDCLASS | ENDDO | ENDENHANCEMENT |
| ENDEXEC | ENDFORM | ENDFUNCTION | ENDIAN | ENDIF |
| ENDING | ENDINTERFACE | ENDLOOP | ENDMETHOD | ENDMODULE |
| ENDON | ENDPROVIDE | ENDSELECT | ENDTRY | ENDWHILE |
| ENDWITH | ENGINEERING | ENHANCEMENT | ENHANCEMENT-POINT | ENHANCEMENT-SECTION |
| ENHANCEMENTS | ENTITIES | ENTITY | ENTRIES | ENTRY |
| ENUM | ENVIRONMENT | EQ | EQUIV | ERROR |
| ERRORS | ESCAPE | ESCAPING | ETAG | EVENT |
| EVENTS | EXACT | EXCEPT | EXCEPTION | EXCEPTION-TABLE |
| EXCEPTIONS | EXCLUDE | EXCLUDING | EXEC | EXECUTE |
| EXISTS | EXIT | EXIT-COMMAND | EXPAND | EXPANDING |
| EXPIRATION | EXPLICIT | EXPONENT | EXPORT | EXPORTING |
| EXPOSE | EXTENDED | EXTENSION | EXTERNAL | EXTRACT |
| FAIL | FAILED | FETCH | FIELD | FIELD-GROUPS |
| FIELD-SYMBOL | FIELD-SYMBOLS | FIELDS | FILE | FILTER |
| FILTER-TABLE | FILTERS | FINAL | FINALIZE | FIND |
| FIRST | FIRST-LINE | FIXED-POINT | FKEQ | FKGE |
| FLOOR | FLTP | FLTP_TO_DEC | FLUSH | FONT |
| FOR | FORM | FORMAT | FORWARD | FOUND |
| FRACTIONAL | FRAME | FRAMES | FREE | FRIENDS |
| FROM | FULL | FUNCTION | FUNCTION-POOL | FUNCTIONALITY |
| FURTHER | GAPS | GE | GENERATE | GET |
| GIVING | GKEQ | GKGE | GLOBAL | GREEN |
| GROUP | GROUPING | GROUPS | GT | HANDLE |
| HANDLER | HARMLESS | HASHED | HAVING | HDB |
| HEAD-LINES | HEADER | HEADERS | HEADING | HELP-ID |
| HELP-REQUEST | HEXTOBIN | HIDE | HIERARCHY | HIERARCHY_ANCESTORS |
| HIERARCHY_ANCESTORS_AGGREGATE | HIERARCHY_DESCENDANTS | HIERARCHY_DESCENDANTS_AGGREGATE | HIERARCHY_SIBLINGS | HIGH |
| HINT | HOLD | HOTSPOT | ICON | ID |
| IDENTIFICATION | IDENTIFIER | IDS | IF | IGNORE |
| IGNORING | IMMEDIATELY | IMPLEMENTATION | IMPLEMENTATIONS | IMPLEMENTED |
| IMPLICIT | IMPORT | IMPORTING | IN | INACTIVE |
| INCL | INCLUDE | INCLUDES | INCLUDING | INCREMENT |
| INDEX | INDEX-LINE | INDICATORS | INFOTYPES | INHERITING |
| INIT | INITIAL | INITIALIZATION | INNER | INOUT |
| *-INPUT | INPUT | INSERT | INSTANCE | INSTANCES |
| INSTR | INT1 | INT2 | INT4 | INT8 |
| INTENSIFIED | INTERFACE | INTERFACE-POOL | INTERFACES | INTERNAL |
| INTERVALS | INTO | INVERSE | INVERTED-DATE | IS |
| ISO | ITNO | JOB | JOIN | KEEP |
| KEEPING | KERNEL | KEY | KEYS | KEYWORDS |
| KIND | LAG | LANG | LANGUAGE | LAST |
| LATE | LAYOUT | LE | LEAD | LEADING |
| LEAVE | LEAVES | LEFT | LEFT-JUSTIFIED | LEFTPLUS |
| LEFTSPACE | LEGACY | LENGTH | LET | LEVEL |
| LEVELS | LIKE | LINE | LINE-COUNT | LINE-SELECTION |
| LINE-SIZE | LINEFEED | LINES | LINK | LIST |
| LIST-PROCESSING | LISTBOX | LITTLE | LLANG | LOAD |
| LOAD-OF-PROGRAM | LOB | LOCAL | LOCALE | LOCATOR |
| LOCK | LOCKS | LOG-POINT | LOGFILE | LOGICAL |
| LONG | LOOP | LOW | LOWER | LPAD |
| LPI | LT | LTRIM | MAIN | |
| MAJOR-ID | MANAGED | MANDATORY | MANY | MAPPED |
| MAPPING | MARGIN | MARK | MASK | MASTER |
| MATCH | MATCHCODE | MATCHED | MAX | MAXIMUM |
| MEASURES | MEDIUM | MEMBERS | MEMORY | MESH |
| MESSAGE | MESSAGE-ID | MESSAGES | MESSAGING | METHOD |
| METHODS | MIN | MINIMUM | MINOR-ID | MM/DD/YY |
| MM/DD/YYYY | MMDDYY | MOD | MODE | MODIF |
| MODIFIER | MODIFY | MODULE | MOVE | MOVE-CORRESPONDING |
| MSSQLNT | MULTIPLE | MULTIPLY | MULTIPLY-CORRESPONDING | NA |
| NAME | NAMETAB | NATIVE | NB | NE |
| NESTED | NESTING | NEW | NEW-LINE | NEW-PAGE |
| NEW-SECTION | NEXT | NO | NO-DISPLAY | NO-EXTENSION |
| NO-GAP | NO-GAPS | NO-GROUPING | NO-HEADING | NO-SCROLLING |
| NO-SIGN | NO-TITLE | NO-TOPOFPAGE | NO-ZERO | NODE |
| NODES | NON-UNICODE | NON-UNIQUE | NOT | NP |
| NS | NULL | NUMBER | NUMBERING | NUMC |
| OBJECT | OBJECTS | OBLIGATORY | OCCURRENCE | OCCURRENCES |
| OCCURS | OF | OFF | OFFSET | OLE |
| ON | ONE | ONLY | OPEN | OPERATIONS |
| OPTION | OPTIONAL | OPTIONS | OR | ORACLE |
| ORDER | ORPHANS | OTHER | OTHERS | OUT |
| OUTER | OUTPUT | OUTPUT-LENGTH | OVER | OVERFLOW |
| OVERLAY | PACK | PACKAGE | PAD | PADDING |
| PAGE | PAGES | PARAMETER | PARAMETER-TABLE | PARAMETERS |
| PARENT | PARENTS | PART | PARTIALLY | PARTITION |
| PATTERN | PERCENTAGE | PERFORM | PERFORMING | PERIOD |
| PERSON | PF | PF-STATUS | PINK | PLACE |
| PLACES | POOL | POS_HIGH | POS_LOW | POSITION |
| PRAGMAS | PRECOMPILED | PREFERRED | PRESERVING | PRIMARY |
| PRINT-CONTROL | PRIORITY | PRIVATE | PRIVILEGED | |
| PROCEDURE | PRODUCT | PROGRAM | PROPERTY | PROTECTED |
| PROVIDE | PUBLIC | PUSH | PUSHBUTTON | PUT |
| QUAN | QUEUE-ONLY | QUICKINFO | RADIOBUTTON | RAISE |
| RAISING | RANGE | RANGES | RANK | RAW |
| READ | READ-ONLY | READER | RECEIVE | RECEIVED |
| RECEIVER | RECEIVING | RED | REDEFINITION | REDIRECTED |
| REDUCE | REDUCED | REF | REFERENCE | REFRESH |
| REGEX | REJECT | REMOTE | RENAMING | REPLACE |
| REPLACEMENT | REPLACING | REPORT | REPORTED | REQUESTED |
| RESERVE | RESET | RESOLUTION | RESPECTING | RESPONSE |
| RESPONSES | RESPONSIBLE | RESULT | RESULTS | RESUMABLE |
| RESUME | RETRY | RETURN | RETURNCODE | RETURNING |
| RIGHT | RIGHT-JUSTIFIED | RIGHTPLUS | RIGHTSPACE | RISK |
| RMC_COMMUNICATION_FAILURE | RMC_INVALID_STATUS | RMC_SYSTEM_FAILURE | ROLLBACK | ROOT |
| ROUND | ROW_NUMBER | ROWS | RPAD | RTRIM |
| RUN | SAP | SAP-SPOOL | SAVE | SAVING |
| SCALE_PRESERVING | SCALE_PRESERVING_SCIENTIFIC | SCAN | SCHEMA | SCIENTIFIC |
| SCIENTIFIC_WITH_LEADING_ZERO | SCREEN | SCROLL | SCROLL-BOUNDARY | SCROLLING |
| SEARCH | SECONDARY | SECONDS | SECTION | SELECT |
| SELECT-OPTIONS | SELECTION | SELECTION-SCREEN | SELECTION-SET | SELECTION-SETS |
| SELECTION-TABLE | SELECTIONS | SEND | SEPARATE | SEPARATED |
| SERVICE | SESSION | SET | SETS | SHARED |
| SHIFT | SHORT | SHORTDUMP | SHORTDUMP-ID | SIBLINGS |
| SIGN | SIGN_AS_POSTFIX | SIMPLE | SINGLE | SIZE |
| SKIP | SKIPPING | SMART | SOME | SORT |
| SORTABLE | SORTED | SOURCE | SPACE | SPANTREE |
| SPECIFIED | SPLIT | SPOOL | SPOTS | SQL |
| SQLSCRIPT | SSTRING | STABLE | STAMP | STANDARD |
| START | START-OF-EDITING | START-OF-SELECTION | STARTING | STATE |
| STATEMENT | STATEMENTS | STATIC | STATICS | STATUSINFO |
| STEP-LOOP | STOP | STRING_AGG | STRUCTURE | STRUCTURES |
| STYLE | SUBKEY | SUBMATCHES | SUBMIT | SUBROUTINE |
| SUBSCREEN | SUBSTRING | SUBTOTAL | SUBTRACT | SUBTRACT-CORRESPONDING |
| SUFFIX | SUM | SUMMARY | SUMMING | SUPPLIED |
| SUPPLY | SUPPRESS | SWITCH | SWITCHSTATES | SYBASE |
| SYMBOL | SYNCPOINTS | SYNTAX | SYNTAX-CHECK | SYNTAX-TRACE |
| SYSTEM-CALL | SYSTEM-EXCEPTIONS | SYSTEM-EXIT | T000 | TAB |
| TABBED | TABLE | TABLES | TABLEVIEW | TABSTRIP |
| TARGET | TASK | TASKS | TEST | TEST-INJECTION |
| TEST-SEAM | TESTING | TEXT | TEXTPOOL | THEN |
| THROW | TIME | TIMES | TIMESTAMP | TIMEZONE |
| TIMN | TIMS | TIMS_IS_VALID | TITLE | TITLE-LINES |
| TITLEBAR | ?TO | TO | TOKENIZATION | TOKENS |
| TOP-LINES | TOP-OF-PAGE | TOTAL | TRACE-ENTRY | TRACE-FILE |
| TRACE-TABLE | TRAILING | TRANSACTION | TRANSFER | TRANSFORMATION |
| TRANSLATE | TRANSPORTING | TRMAC | TRUNCATE | TRUNCATION |
| TRY | TSTMP_ADD_SECONDS | TSTMP_CURRENT_UTCTIMESTAMP | TSTMP_IS_VALID | TSTMP_SECONDS_BETWEEN |
| TSTMP_TO_DATS | TSTMP_TO_DST | TSTMP_TO_TIMS | TYPE | TYPE-POOL |
| TYPE-POOLS | TYPES | ULINE | UNASSIGN | UNDER |
| UNICODE | UNION | UNIQUE | UNIT | UNIT_CONVERSION |
| UNIX | UNMANAGED | UNPACK | UNTIL | UNWIND |
| UP | UPDATE | UPPER | USER | USER-COMMAND |
| USING | UTCL | UTCLONG | UTF-8 | UUID |
| VALID | VALUE | VALUE-REQUEST | VALUES | VARY |
| VARYING | VERIFICATION-MESSAGE | VERSION | VIA | VISIBLE |
| WAIT | WHEN | WHERE | WHILE | WIDTH |
| WINDOW | WINDOWS | WITH | WITH-HEADING | WITH-TITLE |
| WITHOUT | WORD | WORK | WRITE | WRITER |
| XML | XSD | YELLOW | YES | YYMMDD |
| ZERO | ZONE |