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arith_exp - Arithmetic Operators

The table below shows the possible arithmetic operators for arithmetic expressions, their priority, and the order in which the calculation is performed. Within one parenthesis level, calculations with operators of higher priority are performed before calculations with operators of lower priority. For consecutive operators of the same priority, the calculation is performed in the order specified. In the third column of the table below, 3 indicates the highest priority and 1 the lowest.

The calculation is made as specified by the calculation rule for the current calculation type. With the exception of , the operators are ignored by the calculation type. If the operator does not appear in an arithmetic expression, the calculation type is determined only by the data types involved. When ** is used, the calculation type is either decfloat34 or f. It is decfloat34 if one of the operands in question is a decimal floating point number and f in all other cases.

Operator Calculation Priority Order
+ Addition of the operands 1 From left to right
- Subtraction of the right operand from the left 1 From left to right
* Multiplication of the operands 2 From left to right
/ Division of the left operand by the right 2 From left to right
DIV Integer part of the division of the left operand by the right, with positive remainder 2 From left to right
MOD Positive remainder of the division of the left operand by the right; a remainder other than zero is always between zero and the size of the right operand 2 From left to right
** Left operand raised to the power of the right 3 From right to left

Other versions: 7.31 | 7.40 | 7.54

Programming Guideline

Prevent division by zero


Notes

  • Division by the value 0 is undefined and raises a handleable exception. The only situation where division by 0 does not raise an exception is if the dividend is also 0. Here, the result is set to 0.

  • In ABAP, the result of a division for the calculation types i, int8, p, and decfloat34 is rounded commercially, whereas in most other programming languages any surplus decimal places are cut off.

  • The result of DIV multiplied by operand2 plus the result of MOD always produces operand1. Therefore, the rule that the result of MOD is always positive also has an impact on the result of DIV. The result of an integer division of two positive numbers with a remainder that is not equal to zero differs from the result of an integer division of two negative numbers with the same amounts. Likewise, for operands with different signs, which operand is positive and which is negative is of significance.

  • If, when raising to a power, the left operand is 0, the right operand must be greater than or equal to 0. If the left operand is negative, the right operand must be an integer. Otherwise, both cases raise a handleable exception.

  • To stop the operator ** producing the calculation type f, the built-in function ipow can be used for integer exponents. Here, the calculation type is determined by the argument.

  • The ABAP operators DIV and MOD behave differently with respect to the signs than the SQL operators DIV and MOD.


Example

This example demonstrates the functions of the three division operators, DIV, MOD, and /. The results are 4.7273, 4.0000, and 0.8000.

DATA: pack TYPE p DECIMALS 4, 
      n    TYPE decfloat34 VALUE '+5.2', 
      m    TYPE decfloat34 VALUE '+1.1'. 

pack = n / m. 
cl_demo_output=>write( |{ n } / { m } = { pack }| ). 

pack = n DIV m. 
cl_demo_output=>write( |{ n } DIV { m } = { pack }| ). 

pack = n MOD m. 
cl_demo_output=>display( |{ n } MOD { m } = { pack }| ).

Example

The following table shows the results of integer divisions and their remainders. See also the example for the SQL operators DIV and MOD.

operand1 operand2 DIV MOD
7 3 2 1
-7 3 -3 2
7 -3 -2 1
-7 -3 3 2

Executable Example

Arithmetic Calculations

Executable Example

Floating Point Numbers, Arithmetic Calculations

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Arithmetic Calculations

Floating Point Numbers, Arithmetic Calculations